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About Acne   •   Self-Care   •   Self-Esteem   •   Treatment   •   Getting Help   •   Theories & Constructs

Theories & Constructs

Brofenbrenner's Model of Human Development focuses on how an individual's social system effects their development. Through this model, an individual's human development is influenced by interaction with their surrounding environment through several ecological levels including: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and the macrosystam. Examples of how individuals may interact with these systems include through engagements with their parents, school, peers, social media, values, laws, and culture. 

This model provides an explanation of why an individual may devalue themselves due to negative interactions with their peers, social media, and their environment.  Feelings of incompetence can lead to an individual isolating themselves from these systems to avoid rejection. These feelings of rejection stem from how these systems subliminally teaches us how we should look, act, or behave. These subliminal messages occur everyday through television, billboards, magazines, and more. Because they do not fit society's definition of beauty, individuals with acne feel embarrassed and unfit to interact with others in these different ecological levels. 

The Theory of Triadic Influence suggests that behavior can be predicted by three levels of influence: ultimate, distal, and proximal. Ultimate-level causes are normally more broad and what individuals do no have control over like social media, policy, and socioeconomic status. This level is the most difficult to manage, but has the greatest influence on behavior change. Individuals have some control over distal-level influences. This level includes general knowledge and specific expectations or beliefs from the interactions between individuals and their surroundings. Proximal-level influences are more individual directed focusing on specific decisions, intentions, and experiences on behavior. 

Participating in a program or engaging in behaviors that will alter how someone views their appearance in comparison to the media may be the most effective in altering attitudes of negative self-value. At the ultimate level, the media could incorporate more diverse casts and models to depict more realistic images of all skin types, including persons with acne. At the distal-level, individuals can change how they view themselves by being educated on acne and by actively seeking treatment. By being educated about acne, an individual's expectations of flawless skin may be lowered while the expectations of seeking successful treatment may increase leading to a decreased sense of hopelessness. It is Beamish's goal to be a part of an individual's proximal-level influences by encouraging them to make the decision to seek resources or treatment that in result will boost their self-esteem.

References: 

DiClemente, Ralph J., Laura Francisca Salazar, and Richard A. Crosby. Health Behavior Theory for Public Health: Principles, Foundations, and Applications. Burlington, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning, 2013. Print.

 

Mayo Clinic Staff. (2017). Acne. Retrieved from:  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/acne/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20368048

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